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| Gene | ROS1 |
| Variant | fusion |
| Impact List | fusion |
| Protein Effect | unknown |
| Gene Variant Descriptions | ROS1 fusion indicates a fusion of the ROS1 gene, but the fusion partner is unknown. |
| Associated Drug Resistance | |
| Category Variants Paths |
ROS1 mutant ROS1 rearrange ROS1 fusion |
| Molecular Profile | Indication/Tumor Type | Response Type | Therapy Name | Approval Status | Evidence Type | Efficacy Evidence | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ROS1 fusion | lung non-small cell carcinoma | sensitive | Lorlatinib | Phase I | Actionable | In a Phase I clinical trial, Lorlatinib (PF-06463922) demonstrated safety and resulted in a 50% (26/52) overall response rate in patients with ALK-positive or ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer, including intracranial responses in patients with CNS metastasis (J Clin Oncol 34, 2016 (suppl; abstr 9009)). | detail... |
| ROS1 fusion | Advanced Solid Tumor | sensitive | Brigatinib | Preclinical - Cell culture | Actionable | In a preclinical study, Alunbrig (brigatinib) inhibited growth of transformed cells expressing ROS1 fusion proteins in culture (PMID: 27780853). | 27780853 |
| ROS1 fusion | lung non-small cell carcinoma | predicted - sensitive | Taletrectinib | Phase I | Actionable | In a Phase I trial, Taletrectinib (DS6051b) was well-tolerated and demonstrated some preliminary efficacy in patients with advanced solid tumors, including a partial response in a patient with non-small cell lung cancer liver metastases harboring a ROS1 fusion (Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr CT024; NCT02279433). | detail... |
| ROS1 fusion | lung non-small cell carcinoma | predicted - sensitive | Taletrectinib | Phase II | Actionable | In a Phase II trial (TRUST-II), Taletrectinib (DS6051b) treatment demonstrated safety in ROS1 fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer patients and resulted in a confirmed investigator-assessed objective response rate (cORRinv) of 94% (17/18) and a disease control rate (DCR) of 100% in the treatment-naive cohort and a cORRinv of 55% (12/22) and DCR of 91% in the previously treated cohort (Ann Oncol (2023) 34 (suppl_2):S788-S789; NCT04919811). | detail... |
| ROS1 fusion | lung non-small cell carcinoma | predicted - sensitive | Taletrectinib | Phase II | Actionable | In a Phase II trial, Taletrectinib (DS6051b) treatment in non-small cell lung cancer patients with ROS1 fusions resulted in a 90% (36/40) overall response rate (ORR) and 95% disease control rate (DCR) in TKI-naive patients and 47.6% (10/21) ORR and 76.2% DCR in crizotinib-pretreated patients, intracranial ORR of 83.3% (5/6) and DCR of 100% in patients with baseline brain lesions, and partial responses in 3 of 4 patients with secondary ROS1 G2032R mutations (J Clin Oncol 2022 40:16_suppl, 8572; NCT04395677). | detail... |
| ROS1 fusion | Advanced Solid Tumor | predicted - sensitive | Repotrectinib | Phase I | Actionable | In a Phase I (TRIDENT-1) trial, Augtyro (repotrectinib) treatment resulted in partial response in 21.6% (8/37) of patients with advanced solid tumors harboring ROS1 or NTRK fusions (J Clin Oncol 36, 2018 (suppl; abstr 2513); NCT03093116). | detail... |
| ROS1 fusion | lung non-small cell carcinoma | sensitive | Crizotinib | FDA approved - On Companion Diagnostic | Actionable | In a Phase I trial that supported FDA approval, Xalkori (crizotinib) treatment resulted in an objective response rate of 72% (36/50), with 3 complete responses and 33 partial responses, a median duration of response of 17.6 months, and a median progression-free survival of 19.2 months in patients with non-small cell lung cancer harboring ROS1 rearrangements as detected by an FDA-approved test (PMID: 25264305; NCT00585195). | detail... 25264305 detail... |
| ROS1 fusion | lung non-small cell carcinoma | sensitive | Crizotinib | Clinical Study - Cohort | Actionable | In a Phase II trial (NLMT), Xalkori (crizotinib) treatment resulted in an observed objective response rate (ORR) of 71% (5/7), durable clinical benefit rate (DCBR) of 75% (6/8), and medial progression-free survival (PFS) of 44.6 months in patients with non-small cell lung cancer harboring ROS1 fusions, with Bayesian estimated OR and DCBR of 68% and 71%, respectively, and Bayesian posterior probability for OR and DCBR of 0.99 and >0.99, respectively (PMID: 32669708, NCT02664935). | 32669708 |
| ROS1 fusion | lung non-small cell carcinoma | sensitive | Entrectinib | FDA approved | Actionable | In a combined analysis of 3 clinical trials (ALKA-372-001, STARTRK-1, STARTRK-2) that supported FDA approval, Rozlytrek (entrectinib) treatment resulted in an objective response rate of 77% (41/53), a median duration of response of 25 months in patients with ROS1 fusion positive non-small cell lung cancer, with median progression-free survival of 26 and 14 months for patients without (n=30) and with (n=23) CNS disease, respectively (PMID: 31838015; NCT02097810; NCT02568267). | detail... 31838015 |
| ROS1 fusion | lung non-small cell carcinoma | unknown | unspecified immune checkpoint inhibitor | Clinical Study - Cohort | Actionable | In a retrospective clinical study, patients with non-small cell lung cancer harboring rare targetable drivers (RTD) (BRAF, ERBB2/3, RET, MET, ROS1, NTRK) who received immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) achieved longer median overall survival (mOS) (32 vs 13 mo, p=0.01) compared to those who did not receive ICI, mOS was not reached in a patient harboring ROS1 fusion, although RTD type was not associated with OS in a univariate analysis (PMID: 30268448). | 30268448 |
| ROS1 fusion | Advanced Solid Tumor | predicted - sensitive | Entrectinib | Case Reports/Case Series | Actionable | In a Phase I/II trial (STARTRK-NG), Rozlytrek (entrectinib) treatment was safe and resulted in an overall response rate (ORR) of 57.7% (15/26, 7 complete responses) with median duration of response and progression-free survival no reached in pediatric patients with CNS or extracranial solid tumors harboring fusions in NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3, ROS1, or ALK, ORR was 62.5% (5/8) in patients harboring ROS1 fusions (PMID: 35395680; NCT02650401). | 35395680 |
| ROS1 fusion | lung non-small cell carcinoma | predicted - sensitive | NUV-520 | Phase I | Actionable | In a Phase I trial (ARROS-1), NUV-520 treatment resulted in 6 partial responses among 12 patients with non-small cell lung cancer harboring a ROS1 fusion including a partial response in 5 of 7 patients harboring a ROS1 fusion with ROS1 G2032R (Eu J Cancer 2022 Vol 174, Supp 1:S6-S7; NCT05118789). | detail... |
| ROS1 fusion | skin melanoma | sensitive | Crizotinib | Guideline | Actionable | Xalkori (crizotinib) is included in guidelines as second-line therapy for metastatic or unresectable cutaneous melanoma patients with ROS1 fusions (NCCN.org). | detail... |
| ROS1 fusion | skin melanoma | sensitive | Entrectinib | Guideline | Actionable | Rozlytrek (entrectinib) is included in guidelines as second-line therapy for metastatic or unresectable cutaneous melanoma patients with ROS1 fusions (NCCN.org). | detail... |
| ROS1 fusion | lung non-small cell carcinoma | sensitive | Repotrectinib | FDA approved | Actionable | In a Phase I/II trial (TRIDENT-1) that supported FDA approval, Augtyro (repotrectinib) resulted in an objective response rate of 79% (56/71, 7 complete and 49 partial responses) and 38% (21/56, 3 complete and 18 partial responses), median duration of response of 34.1 and 14.8 months, and a median progression-free survival of 35.7 and 9.0 months in patients with TKI-naive and TKI-treated, ROS1 fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer, respectively (PMID: 38197815; NCT03093116). | 38197815 detail... |
| ROS1 fusion | lung non-small cell carcinoma | sensitive | Repotrectinib | Phase Ib/II | Actionable | In a Phase I/II trial (TRIDENT-1), Augtyro (repotrectinib) treatment resulted in an intracranial objective response rate (icORR) of 88% (7/8) with intracranial duration of response (DOR) ranging from 1.9-14.8 months in non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring ROS1 fusions who were TKI-naive, and an icORR of 42% (5/12) with intracranial DOR ranging from 3.0-11.1 months in those with 1 prior TKI and no chemo (J Clin Oncol 41, 2023 (suppl 16; abstr 9017); NCT03093116). | detail... |
| ROS1 fusion | lung non-small cell carcinoma | predicted - sensitive | TQ-B3139 | Case Reports/Case Series | Actionable | In a Phase I trial, TQ-B3139 (CT-711) treatment demonstrated safety and resulted in an overall response rate (ORR) of 61.9% (39/63), intracranial ORR of 70% (7/10), disease control rate of 84.1% (53/63), and median progression-free survival (mPFS) of 19.0 mo in non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring an ALK or ROS1 fusion, with longer mPFS in TKI-naive patients (25.2 mo vs 5.4 mo), and an ORR of 66.7% (2/3), including 1 complete response, in patients with ROS1 fusions (PMID: 35940055; NCT03099330). | 35940055 |