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Ref Type Journal Article
PMID (29141884)
Authors Kohsaka S, Nagano M, Ueno T, Suehara Y, Hayashi T, Shimada N, Takahashi K, Suzuki K, Takamochi K, Takahashi F, Mano H
Title A method of high-throughput functional evaluation of EGFR gene variants of unknown significance in cancer.
Journal Vol Issue Date Pages Journal Short Title
Science translational medicine 9 416 2017 Nov 15 Sci Transl Med
URL
Abstract Text Numerous variants of unknown significance (VUS) have been identified through large-scale cancer genome projects, although their functional relevance remains uninvestigated. We developed a mixed-all-nominated-mutants-in-one (MANO) method to evaluate the transforming potential and drug sensitivity of oncogene VUS in a high-throughput manner and applied this method to 101 nonsynonymous epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutants. We discovered a number of mutations conferring resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), including gefitinib- and erlotinib-insensitive missense mutations within exon 19 and other gefitinib-resistant mutations, such as L833V, A839T, V851I, A871T, and G873E. L858R-positive tumors (12.8%) harbored compound mutations primarily in the cis allele, which decreased the gefitinib sensitivity of these tumors. The MANO method further revealed that some EGFR mutants that are highly resistant to all types of TKIs are sensitive to cetuximab. Thus, these data support the importance of examining the clinical relevance of uncommon mutations within EGFR and of evaluating the functions of such mutations in combination. This method may become a foundation for the in vitro and in vivo assessment of variants of cancer-related genes and help customize cancer therapy for individual patients.

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Molecular Profile Treatment Approach
Gene Name Source Synonyms Protein Domains Gene Description Gene Role
Therapy Name Drugs Efficacy Evidence Clinical Trials
Drug Name Trade Name Synonyms Drug Classes Drug Description
Gene Variant Impact Protein Effect Variant Description Associated with drug Resistance
Molecular Profile Indication/Tumor Type Response Type Therapy Name Approval Status Evidence Type Efficacy Evidence References