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Ref Type Journal Article
PMID (30940908)
Authors Christian S, Merz C, Evans L, Gradl S, Seidel H, Friberg A, Eheim A, Lejeune P, Brzezinka K, Zimmermann K, Ferrara S, Meyer H, Lesche R, Stoeckigt D, Bauser M, Haegebarth A, Sykes DB, Scadden DT, Losman JA, Janzer A
Title The novel dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) inhibitor BAY 2402234 triggers differentiation and is effective in the treatment of myeloid malignancies.
Journal Vol Issue Date Pages Journal Short Title
Leukemia 33 10 2019 10 2403-2415 Leukemia
URL
Abstract Text Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a devastating disease, with the majority of patients dying within a year of diagnosis. For patients with relapsed/refractory AML, the prognosis is particularly poor with currently available treatments. Although genetically heterogeneous, AML subtypes share a common differentiation arrest at hematopoietic progenitor stages. Overcoming this differentiation arrest has the potential to improve the long-term survival of patients, as is the case in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), which is characterized by a chromosomal translocation involving the retinoic acid receptor alpha gene. Treatment of APL with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces terminal differentiation and apoptosis of leukemic promyelocytes, resulting in cure rates of over 80%. Unfortunately, similarly efficacious differentiation therapies have, to date, been lacking outside of APL. Inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), a key enzyme in the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway, was recently reported to induce differentiation of diverse AML subtypes. In this report we describe the discovery and characterization of BAY 2402234 - a novel, potent, selective and orally bioavailable DHODH inhibitor that shows monotherapy efficacy and differentiation induction across multiple AML subtypes. Herein, we present the preclinical data that led to initiation of a phase I evaluation of this inhibitor in myeloid malignancies.

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Molecular Profile Treatment Approach
Gene Name Source Synonyms Protein Domains Gene Description Gene Role
Therapy Name Drugs Efficacy Evidence Clinical Trials
BAY2402234 BAY2402234 0 1
Drug Name Trade Name Synonyms Drug Classes Drug Description
BAY2402234 BAY-2402234|BAY 2402234 BAY2402234 is a small molecule inhibitor that selectively binds to and inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), which induces differentiation of blast cells and potentially leads to cell cycle arrest, decreased proliferation, increased apoptosis, and tumor growth inhibition (PMID: 30940908).
Gene Variant Impact Protein Effect Variant Description Associated with drug Resistance
Molecular Profile Indication/Tumor Type Response Type Therapy Name Approval Status Evidence Type Efficacy Evidence References