Reference Detail

Ref Type

Journal Article

PMID

(35584349)

Authors

Dagogo-Jack I, Oxnard GR, Evangelist M, Digumarthy SR, Lin JJ, Gainor JF, Murphy JF, Rabin MS, Heist RS, Muzikansky A, Shaw AT

Title

Phase II Study of Lorlatinib in Patients With Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase-Positive Lung Cancer and CNS-Specific Relapse.

Journal	Vol	Issue	Date	Pages	Journal Short Title
JCO precision oncology	6		2022 May	e2100522	JCO Precis Oncol

URL

Abstract Text

The CNS is a recurrent site of progression in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged (ALK+) lung cancer. Lorlatinib is a third-generation ALK inhibitor developed to penetrate the CNS and overcome ALK resistance mutations. We conducted a phase II study to evaluate the intracranial activity of lorlatinib in patients with CNS-only progression on second-generation ALK inhibitors.Patients with ALK+ lung cancer who had intracranial progression on ≥ 1 ALK inhibitor without measurable extracranial disease received lorlatinib 100 mg once daily. The primary end point was intracranial disease control rate at 12 weeks per modified RECIST v1.1. Secondary end points included intracranial progression-free survival, intracranial objective response rate, and safety/tolerability.Twenty-three patients were enrolled between November 2016 and January 2019. Fifteen (65%) patients had irradiated CNS metastases, with a median of 20.2 months between radiation and lorlatinib. Control of intracranial disease was observed in 21 (95%) evaluable patients at 12 weeks. The intracranial objective response rate was 59% with six complete and seven partial responses. The median intracranial progression-free survival was 24.6 months (95% CI, 20.2 to not reached). With a median follow-up of 16.8 months, nine patients developed disease progression, including four patients with CNS progression. The most common treatment-related adverse events were hypercholesterolemia (96%), hypertriglyceridemia (87%), edema (65%), cognitive effects (52%), and mood effects (43%). Three patients discontinued treatment because of toxicity, including two patients with fatal respiratory events.Lorlatinib induced durable intracranial disease control in patients with CNS-only relapse on second-generation ALK inhibitors, suggesting that tumors with CNS-limited progression on brain-penetrant ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors remain ALK-dependent.

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Molecular Profile	Treatment Approach

Gene Name	Source	Synonyms	Protein Domains	Gene Description	Gene Role

Therapy Name	Drugs	Efficacy Evidence	Clinical Trials

Drug Name	Trade Name	Synonyms	Drug Classes	Drug Description

Gene	Variant	Impact	Protein Effect	Variant Description	Associated with drug Resistance

Molecular Profile	Indication/Tumor Type	Response Type	Therapy Name	Approval Status	Evidence Type	Efficacy Evidence	References
ALK rearrange	lung non-small cell carcinoma	sensitive	Lorlatinib	Phase II	Actionable	In a Phase II trial, Lorbrena (lorlatinib) treatment resulted in an intracranial disease control rate of 95% (21/22), intracranial objective response rate of 59% (13/22; 6 complete responses, 7 partial responses), a median intracranial progression-free survival (PFS) rate of 24.6 months, and a 12-month PFS rate of 79% in patients with ALK-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer, who previously demonstrated central nervous system progression on second-generation ALK inhibitors (PMID: 35584349; NCT02927340).	35584349