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PMID (34956922)
Authors Brandenburg T, Muchalla P, Theurer S, Schmid KW, Führer D
Title Therapeutic Effect of Combined Dabrafenib and Trametinib Treatment of BRAF V600E-Mutated Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Thyroid: A Case Report.
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Abstract Text Primary squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) of the thyroid is an exceptionally rare malignancy accounting for <1% of all primary thyroid cancers. Therapy is multimodal including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy but with no consensus for management and therapy. Here, we describe a case of a male patient who presented with a BRAF V600E-mutated PSCC of the thyroid gland showing response to combined dabrafenib and trametinib therapy over a period of >12 months.A 78-year-old male patient presented with a 3-week history of dysphonia and dyspnoea. Laryngoscopy revealed a mechanical obstruction by a right-sided, subglottical mass, which on cervical ultrasound was highly suggestive of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Additional workup including esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed compression of the oesophagus but no oesophageal infiltration by the tumour. Immunohistochemistry displayed CK19-positive cells indicating epithelial origin of the tumour. CK5/6 and P40 immunohistochemistry confirmed the morphological impression of squamous cell differentiation while staining with thyroid markers TTF-1 and TPO was negative and PAX8 showed a nuclear positive signal. Based on immunohistopathology, presence of TP53 and BRAF V600E mutations, and exclusion of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of other origin, the diagnosis of a PSCC of the thyroid was established. As an individualized treatment concept, we decided to advocate combined BRAF V600E targeting by the multikinase inhibitors dabrafenib and trametinib. This led to drastic improvement in patient's quality of life without severe side effects over a period of >12 months.In this case, molecular diagnosis allowed a highly individualized treatment concept with combined dabrafenib and trametinib therapy.

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Molecular Profile Treatment Approach
Gene Name Source Synonyms Protein Domains Gene Description Gene Role
Therapy Name Drugs Efficacy Evidence Clinical Trials
Drug Name Trade Name Synonyms Drug Classes Drug Description
Gene Variant Impact Protein Effect Variant Description Associated with drug Resistance
Molecular Profile Indication/Tumor Type Response Type Therapy Name Approval Status Evidence Type Efficacy Evidence References
BRAF V600E thyroid gland carcinoma predicted - sensitive Dabrafenib + Trametinib Case Reports/Case Series Actionable In a clinical case study, Mekinist (trametinib) and Tafinlar (dabrafenib) combination treatment resulted in a partial response after 3 months in a patient with metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid harboring BRAF V600E (PMID: 34956922). 34956922