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Ref Type Journal Article
PMID (33832919)
Authors Sullivan MR, Prakash R, Rawal Y, Wang W, Sung P, Radke MR, Kaufmann SH, Swisher EM, Bernstein KA, Jasin M
Title Long-term survival of an ovarian cancer patient harboring a RAD51C missense mutation.
URL
Abstract Text Mutations in homologous recombination (HR) genes predispose to cancer but also sensitize to chemotherapeutics. Although therapy can initially be effective, cancers frequently cease responding, leading to recurrence and poor prognosis. Here we identify a germline mutation in RAD51C, a critical HR factor and known tumor suppressor, in an ovarian cancer patient with exceptionally long, progression-free survival. The RAD51C-T132P mutation is in a highly conserved residue within the nucleotide-binding site and interferes with single-strand DNA binding of the RAD51 paralog complex RAD51B-RAD51C-RAD51D-XRCC2 and association with another RAD51 paralog XRCC3. These biochemical defects lead to highly defective HR and drug sensitivity in tumor cells, ascribing RAD51C-T132P as a deleterious mutation that was likely causal for tumor formation. Conversely, its position within a critical site suggests that it is refractory to secondary mutations that would restore RAD51C gene function and lead to therapy resistance. A need for a greater understanding of the relationship between mutation position and reversion potential of HR genes is underscored, as it may help predict the effectiveness of therapies in patients with HR-deficient cancers.

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Molecular Profile Treatment Approach
Gene Name Source Synonyms Protein Domains Gene Description Gene Role
Therapy Name Drugs Efficacy Evidence Clinical Trials
Drug Name Trade Name Synonyms Drug Classes Drug Description
Gene Variant Impact Protein Effect Variant Description Associated with drug Resistance
Molecular Profile Indication/Tumor Type Response Type Therapy Name Approval Status Evidence Type Efficacy Evidence References