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| Profile Name | MLH1 V506A |
| Gene Variant Detail | |
| Relevant Treatment Approaches |
| Molecular Profile | Indication/Tumor Type | Response Type | Relevant Treatment Approaches | Therapy Name | Approval Status | Evidence Type | Efficacy Evidence | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MLH1 negative | colon cancer | sensitive | Nivolumab | Guideline | Actionable | Opdivo (nivolumab) is included in guidelines as primary or subsequent therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic colon cancer with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | ampulla of Vater adenocarcinoma | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines as subsequent therapy for metastatic ampullary adenocarcinoma patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | ovarian cancer | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines as systemic therapy for patients with recurrent or advanced ovarian cancer with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | endometrial carcinoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as a preferred second-line therapy for patients with recurrent or metastatic endometrial carcinoma with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | endometrial carcinoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | FDA approved - On Companion Diagnostic | Actionable | In a Phase II trial (KEYNOTE-158) that supported FDA approval, Keytruda (pembrolizumab) treatment resulted in an objective response rate of 48% (38/79, 11 complete responses, 27 partial responses) in patients with advanced microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) endometrial carcinoma, with a median progression-free survival of 13.1 months (PMID: 34990208; NCT02628067). | detail... 34990208 detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | endometrial carcinoma | sensitive | Nivolumab | Guideline | Actionable | Opdivo (nivolumab) is included in guidelines as a second-line therapy for patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) recurrent, metastatic, or high-risk endometrial carcinoma (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | osteosarcoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as systemic therapy for metastatic osteosarcoma with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | chondrosarcoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as systemic therapy for metastatic chondrosarcoma with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | rectum cancer | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Phase II | Actionable | In a Phase II trial, neoadjuvant Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) treatment resulted in an objective response of 100% (12/12, all complete responses) in patients with stage II or III rectal cancer with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) as defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC (PMID: 35660797; NCT04165772). | 35660797 | |
| MLH1 negative | rectum cancer | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines as subsequent therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic rectal cancer with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | colorectal cancer | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | FDA approved | Actionable | In a Phase III (KEYNOTE-177) trial that supported FDA approval, Keytruda (pembrolizumab) treatment as first-line therapy significantly improved median progression-free survival (16.5 vs 8.2 mo, HR=0.60, p=0.0002) compared to chemotherapy in patients with advanced microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) colorectal cancer (PMID: 33264544; NCT02563002). | 33264544 detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines as subsequent therapy for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | germ cell cancer | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as recurrence therapy for patients with germ cell tumors with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | Ewing sarcoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as systemic therapy for metastatic Ewing sarcoma with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | neuroendocrine tumor | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines for patients with locally advanced or metastatic well-differentiated, Grade 3 neuroendocrine tumors with mismatch repair deficient (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | Advanced Solid Tumor | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | FDA approved | Actionable | In a combined analysis of 5 trials that supported FDA approval, Keytruda (pembrolizumab) therapy resulted in an objective response rate of 39.6% (59/149) in advanced solid tumor patients with high levels of microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (PMID: 30787022; NCT01876511, NCT02460198, NCT01848834, NCT02054806, NCT02628067). | detail... 30787022 | |
| MLH1 negative | Advanced Solid Tumor | predicted - sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | FDA approved - On Companion Diagnostic | Actionable | In a Phase I trial (GARNET) that supported FDA approval, Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) treatment demonstrated acceptable safety profile, and resulted in an objective response rate of 41.6% (87/209), with a median duration of response not reached in patients with advanced mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) solid tumors, as indicated by a loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression in an FDA-approved IHC test (J Clin Oncol 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021) 2564-2564; NCT02715284). | detail... detail... detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | Adenocarcinoma of Unknown Primary | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines for patients with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | small intestine adenocarcinoma | sensitive | Nivolumab | Guideline | Actionable | Opdivo (nivolumab) is included in guidelines as an initial therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic small bowel adenocarcinoma with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Unknown Primary | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | colon cancer | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as preferred primary or subsequent therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic colon cancer with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | rectum cancer | sensitive | Ipilimumab + Nivolumab | Guideline | Actionable | Opdivo (nivolumab) in combination with Yervoy (ipilimumab) is included in guidelines as a primary therapy for advanced or metastatic rectum cancer patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | small intestine adenocarcinoma | sensitive | Ipilimumab + Nivolumab | Guideline | Actionable | Opdivo (nivolumab) in combination with Yervoy (ipilimumab) is included in guidelines as an initial therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic small bowel adenocarcinoma with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | small intestine adenocarcinoma | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines as a subsequent therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic small bowel adenocarcinoma with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | prostate adenocarcinoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as a second-line therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma cancer with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | colon cancer | sensitive | Ipilimumab + Nivolumab | Guideline | Actionable | Opdivo (nivolumab), in combination with Yervoy (ipilimumab), is included in guidelines as primary or subsequent therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic colon cancer with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | Adenocarcinoma of Unknown Primary | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines for patients with adenocarcinoma of unknown primary with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | penile cancer | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as subsequent-line systemic therapy for metastatic/recurrent penile cancer with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | hepatocellular carcinoma | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines as subsequent therapy for patients with mismatch repair deficient (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) hepatocellular carcinoma (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | colorectal cancer | sensitive | Ipilimumab + Nivolumab | FDA approved | Actionable | In a Phase II (CheckMate 142) trial that supported FDA approval, Opdivo (nivolumab) and Yervoy (ipilimumab) combination treatment resulted in an objective response rate of 54.6% (65/119, 4 complete response, 61 partial response) and disease control over 12 weeks in 80% of patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or DNA mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR, defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) metastatic colorectal cancer (PMID: 29355075; NCT02060188). | detail... 29355075 detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | rectum cancer | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as a preferred primary therapy for advanced or metastatic rectum cancer patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines as second-line or subsequent therapy for patients with unresectable locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | colon cancer | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines as subsequent therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic colon cancer with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | esophageal cancer | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines as second-line or subsequent therapy for patients with unresectable locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic esophageal cancer with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | stomach cancer | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines as second-line or subsequent therapy for patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic gastric cancer with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | small intestine adenocarcinoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as an initial therapy for patients with advanced or metastatic small bowel adenocarcinoma with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | pancreatic adenocarcinoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines for advanced or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | chordoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as systemic therapy for metastatic chordoma with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | colorectal cancer | sensitive | Nivolumab | FDA approved | Actionable | In a Phase II trial (CheckMate 142) that supported FDA approval, treatment with Opdivo (nivolumab) resulted in an objective response rate of 36% (19/53, 1 complete response, 18 partial responses) and disease control for 12 weeks or more in 70% (37/53) of patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or DNA mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR, defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) metastatic colorectal cancer (PMID: 28734759; NCT02060188). | detail... 28734759 detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | esophageal cancer | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as second-line or subsequent therapy for patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) esophageal cancer that are unresectable, locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | testicular germ cell cancer | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as a third-line therapy for metastatic testicular germ cell cancer with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | ampulla of Vater adenocarcinoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as first-line or subsequent therapy for metastatic ampullary adenocarcinoma patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as second-line or subsequent therapy for patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) gastroesophageal junction cancer that are unresectable, locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | endometrial carcinoma | sensitive | Avelumab | Guideline | Actionable | Bavencio (avelumab) is included in guidelines as a second-line therapy for patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) recurrent, metastatic, or high-risk endometrial carcinoma (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | rectum cancer | sensitive | Nivolumab | Guideline | Actionable | Opdivo (nivolumab) is included in guidelines as a primary therapy for advanced or metastatic rectum cancer patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as primary therapy for patients with unresectable or metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC), or as subsequent-line therapy (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | stomach cancer | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as second-line or subsequent therapy for patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) stomach cancer that are unresectable, locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | gallbladder cancer | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines as subsequent therapy for gallbladder cancer patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines as subsequent therapy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | ampulla of Vater adenocarcinoma | sensitive | Ipilimumab + Nivolumab | Guideline | Actionable | Opdivo (nivolumab) and (ipilimumab) combination therapy is included in guidelines as first-line or subsequent therapy for metastatic ampullary adenocarcinoma patients with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as primary therapy for patients with unresectable or metastatic extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC), or as subsequent-line therapy (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | ovarian cancer | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as systemic therapy for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer with MLH1 deficiency (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | endometrial cancer | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | FDA approved - On Companion Diagnostic | Actionable | In a Phase I trial (GARNET) that supported FDA approval, Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) treatment demonstrated acceptable safety profile, and resulted in an objective response rate of 42.3% (30/71, 9 complete responses, 21 partial responses), with a median duration of response not reached in patients with recurrent or advanced endometrial cancer harboring mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) as confirmed by a loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression in an FDA-approved IHC test (PMID: 33001143; NCT02715284). | detail... 33001143 detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | endometrial carcinoma | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines as a second-line therapy for patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) recurrent, metastatic, or high-risk endometrial carcinoma (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | breast cancer | sensitive | Dostarlimab-gxly | Guideline | Actionable | Jemperli (dostarlimab-gxly) is included in guidelines for patients with metastatic or unresectable breast cancer with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) who have progressed on or following prior treatment (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | gallbladder cancer | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as primary therapy for patients with unresectable or metastatic gallbladder cancer with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) or deficient mismatch repair (dMMR, often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC), or as subsequent-line therapy (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 negative | vulva squamous cell carcinoma | sensitive | Pembrolizumab | Guideline | Actionable | Keytruda (pembrolizumab) is included in guidelines as a second-line therapy for patients with MSI high or dMMR (often defined by the loss of MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, or MSH6 expression by IHC) vulva squamous cell carcinoma (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 mutant | colon cancer | not applicable | N/A | Guideline | Risk Factor | Lynch syndrome results from germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes including MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2, and is associated with increased risk of developing colon cancer (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 mutant | endometrial carcinoma | not applicable | N/A | Guideline | Risk Factor | Germline mutations in MLH1 result in Lynch syndrome, which is associated with increased risk of developing endometrial carcinoma (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 mutant | pancreatic cancer | not applicable | N/A | Guideline | Risk Factor | Germline mutations in MLH1 result in Lynch syndrome, which is associated with increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 mutant | rectum cancer | not applicable | N/A | Guideline | Risk Factor | Lynch syndrome results from germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes including MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2, and is associated with increased risk of developing colorectal cancer (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 mutant | small intestine adenocarcinoma | not applicable | N/A | Guideline | Risk Factor | Lynch syndrome results from germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes including MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2, and is associated with increased risk of developing small bowel adenocarcinoma (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 mutant | stomach cancer | not applicable | N/A | Guideline | Risk Factor | Germline mutations in MLH1 result in Lynch syndrome, which is associated with increased risk of early onset of gastric cancer (NCCN.org). | detail... | |
| MLH1 loss | colon cancer | sensitive | KU60648 | Preclinical - Cell culture | Actionable | In a preclinical study, MLH1 deficient colon cancer cell lines were sensitive to KU60648 in culture, demonstrating decreased cell viability and reduced colony formation (PMID: 28224663). | 28224663 | |
| MLH1 inact mut | colorectal cancer | not applicable | N/A | Preclinical | Emerging | In a preclinical study, MLH1 inactivation through hypermethylation was associated with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) colorectal carcinoma by whole genome sequencing of tumor samples (PMID: 22810696), suggesting it may be a potential biomarker. | 22810696 |
| Clinical Trial | Phase | Therapies | Title | Recruitment Status | Covered Countries | Other Countries |
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