Reference Detail

Ref Type

Journal Article

PMID

(33158997)

Authors

Kowalczyk JT, Wan X, Hernandez ER, Luo R, Lyons GC, Wilson KM, Gallardo DC, Isanogle KA, Robinson CM, Mendoza A, Heske CM, Chen JQ, Luo X, Kelly AE, Difilippantinio S, Robey RW, Thomas CJ, Sackett DL, Morrison DK, Randazzo PA, Jenkins LMM, Yohe ME

Title

Rigosertib Induces Mitotic Arrest and Apoptosis in RAS-Mutated Rhabdomyosarcoma and Neuroblastoma.

Journal	Vol	Issue	Date	Pages	Journal Short Title
Molecular cancer therapeutics	20	2	2021 Feb	307-319	Mol Cancer Ther

URL

Abstract Text

Relapsed pediatric rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS) and neuroblastomas (NBs) have a poor prognosis despite multimodality therapy. In addition, the current standard of care for these cancers includes vinca alkaloids that have severe toxicity profiles, further underscoring the need for novel therapies for these malignancies. Here, we show that the small-molecule rigosertib inhibits the growth of RMS and NB cell lines by arresting cells in mitosis, which leads to cell death. Our data indicate that rigosertib, like the vinca alkaloids, exerts its effects mainly by interfering with mitotic spindle assembly. Although rigosertib has the ability to inhibit oncogenic RAS signaling, we provide evidence that rigosertib does not induce cell death through inhibition of the RAS pathway in RAS-mutated RMS and NB cells. However, the combination of rigosertib and the MEK inhibitor trametinib, which has efficacy in RAS-mutated tumors, synergistically inhibits the growth of an RMS cell line, suggesting a new avenue for combination therapy. Importantly, rigosertib treatment delays tumor growth and prolongs survival in a xenograft model of RMS. In conclusion, rigosertib, through its impact on the mitotic spindle, represents a potential therapeutic for RMS.

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Molecular Profile	Treatment Approach

Gene Name	Source	Synonyms	Protein Domains	Gene Description	Gene Role

Therapy Name	Drugs	Efficacy Evidence	Clinical Trials

Drug Name	Trade Name	Synonyms	Drug Classes	Drug Description

Gene	Variant	Impact	Protein Effect	Variant Description	Associated with drug Resistance

Molecular Profile	Indication/Tumor Type	Response Type	Therapy Name	Approval Status	Evidence Type	Efficacy Evidence	References
HRAS Q61K	rhabdomyosarcoma	not predictive	Rigosertib	Preclinical - Cell culture	Actionable	In a preclinical study, Rigosertib (ON01910) inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in rhabdomyosarcoma cells harboring HRAS Q61K in culture, however, cells with wild-type HRAS demonstrated the same response, and mechanistically, the response was found to be due to Rigosertib (ON0190) binding to tubulin (PMID: 33158997).	33158997
NRAS Q61H	rhabdomyosarcoma	not predictive	Rigosertib	Preclinical - Cell line xenograft	Actionable	In a preclinical study, Rigosertib (ON01910) inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in rhabdomyosarcoma cells harboring NRAS Q61H in culture, and delayed tumor growth in cell line xenograft models, however, cells with wild-type NRAS demonstrated the same response, and mechanistically, the response was found to be due to Rigosertib (ON0190) binding to tubulin (PMID: 33158997).	33158997
NRAS Q61K	neuroblastoma	not predictive	Rigosertib	Preclinical - Cell line xenograft	Actionable	In a preclinical study, Rigosertib (ON01910) inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in neuroblastoma cells harboring NRAS Q61K in culture, and delayed tumor growth in cell line xenograft models, however, cells with wild-type NRAS demonstrated the same response, and mechanistically, the response was found to be due to Rigosertib (ON0190) binding to tubulin (PMID: 33158997).	33158997