Reference Detail

Ref Type

Journal Article

PMID

(34036223)

Authors

Takeyasu Y, Okuma HS, Kojima Y, Nishikawa T, Tanioka M, Sudo K, Shimoi T, Noguchi E, Arakawa A, Mori T, Sunami K, Kubo T, Kohno T, Akihiko Y, Yamamoto N, Yonemori K

Title

Impact of ALK Inhibitors in Patients With ALK-Rearranged Nonlung Solid Tumors.

Journal	Vol	Issue	Date	Pages	Journal Short Title
JCO precision oncology	5		2021		JCO Precis Oncol

URL

Abstract Text

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement is a well-known driver oncogene in non-small-cell lung cancer and has also been identified in other types of tumors. However, there is limited evidence on the clinical response to ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as alectinib and crizotinib, in rare tumors with ALK fusion. We evaluated the therapeutic effect of ALK-TKIs in rare ALK-rearranged tumors.Between April 2012 and April 2019, clinical outcomes and characteristics of patients with ALK-rearranged nonlung solid tumors who received ALK-TKIs (alectinib and/or crizotinib) outside of clinical trials were reviewed. Expression and/or rearrangement of ALK was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and next-generation sequencing. The tumor response was assessed according to RECIST (version 1.1). Progression-free survival was estimated from initial ALK-TKI initiation until progression.We identified seven patients (inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors, n = 3; ALK-positive histiocytosis, n = 1; histiocytic sarcoma, n = 1; osteosarcoma, n = 1; and parotid adenocarcinoma, n = 1), with a median age of 17 years. Two rare ALK fusions, namely, CTNNA1-ALK and ITSN2-ALK, were identified. As initial ALK-TKI therapy, five patients received alectinib and two received crizotinib. The objective response rate for the initial ALK-TKI therapy was 85.7% (95% CI, 44 to 97), including two patients who received alectinib and achieved complete response. The median progression-free survival was 8.1 months (range, 1.7 to not estimable). There were no treatment interruptions or dose reductions because of adverse events caused by alectinib.This study highlights the potential benefit of ALK-TKIs, especially alectinib, in patients with ALK-rearranged nonlung solid tumors.

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Molecular Profile	Treatment Approach

Gene Name	Source	Synonyms	Protein Domains	Gene Description	Gene Role

Therapy Name	Drugs	Efficacy Evidence	Clinical Trials

Drug Name	Trade Name	Synonyms	Drug Classes	Drug Description

Gene	Variant	Impact	Protein Effect	Variant Description	Associated with drug Resistance

Molecular Profile	Indication/Tumor Type	Response Type	Therapy Name	Approval Status	Evidence Type	Efficacy Evidence	References
ALK rearrange	epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma	predicted - sensitive	Alectinib	Case Reports/Case Series	Actionable	In a clinical case study, Alecensa (alectinib) treatment resulted in a complete response lasting 44.2 months in a pediatric patient with an ALK-rearranged epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (PMID: 34036223).	34036223
ALK rearrange	inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor	sensitive	Crizotinib	Case Reports/Case Series	Actionable	In a clinical case study, Xalkori (crizotinib) treatment resulted in a partial response lasting 40 months in a pediatric patient with an ALK-rearranged inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (PMID: 34036223).	34036223