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Ref Type Journal Article
PMID (26682573)
Authors Tani T, Yasuda H, Hamamoto J, Kuroda A, Arai D, Ishioka K, Ohgino K, Miyawaki M, Kawada I, Naoki K, Hayashi Y, Betsuyaku T, Soejima K
Title Activation of EGFR Bypass Signaling by TGFα Overexpression Induces Acquired Resistance to Alectinib in ALK-Translocated Lung Cancer Cells.
Journal Vol Issue Date Pages Journal Short Title
Molecular cancer therapeutics 15 1 2016 Jan 162-71 Mol Cancer Ther
URL
Abstract Text Alectinib is a highly selective ALK inhibitor and shows promising efficacy in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) harboring the EML4-ALK gene rearrangement. The precise mechanism of acquired resistance to alectinib is not well defined. The purpose of this study was to clarify the mechanism of acquired resistance to alectinib in ALK-translocated lung cancer cells. We established alectinib-resistant cells (H3122-AR) from the H3122 NSCLC cell line, harboring the EML4-ALK gene rearrangement, by long-term exposure to alectinib. The mechanism of acquired resistance to alectinib in H3122-AR cells was evaluated by phospho-receptor tyrosine kinase (phospho-RTK) array screening and Western blotting. No mutation of the ALK-TK domain was found. Phospho-RTK array analysis revealed that the phosphorylation level of EGFR was increased in H3122-AR cells compared with H3122. Expression of TGFα, one of the EGFR ligands, was significantly increased and knockdown of TGFα restored the sensitivity to alectinib in H3122-AR cells. We found combination therapy targeting ALK and EGFR with alectinib and afatinib showed efficacy both in vitro and in a mouse xenograft model. We propose a preclinical rationale to use the combination therapy with alectinib and afatinib in NSCLC that acquired resistance to alectinib by the activation of EGFR bypass signaling.

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Molecular Profile Treatment Approach
Gene Name Source Synonyms Protein Domains Gene Description Gene Role
Therapy Name Drugs Efficacy Evidence Clinical Trials
Drug Name Trade Name Synonyms Drug Classes Drug Description
Gene Variant Impact Protein Effect Variant Description Associated with drug Resistance
Molecular Profile Indication/Tumor Type Response Type Therapy Name Approval Status Evidence Type Efficacy Evidence References
EML4 - ALK lung non-small cell carcinoma sensitive Afatinib + Alectinib Preclinical - Cell line xenograft Actionable In a preclinical study, combination of Gilotrif (afatinib) and Alecensa (alectinib) restored sensitivity to Alecensa (alectinib) in non-small cell lung cancer cells harboring EML4-ALK fusion that acquired resistance to Alecensa (alectinib) through up-regulating Egfr signaling in culture and inhibited tumor progression in cell line xenograft models (PMID: 26682573). 26682573